Manual de gramática básica y avanzada del español (Thomas and McAlister)

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Para formar una oración, se pueden usar los tipos de palabras (las unidades léxicas) básicos que llevan el significado elemental del enunciado:

i) el sustantivo (persona, lugar o cosa)

ii) el verbo (núcleo de la oración—expresa una acción, estado, etc.)

iii) el adjetivo (información descriptiva/identificadora del sustantivo)

iv) el adverbio (info sobre la circunstancia del evento, ej. tiempo, lugar, modo, etc)

Por ejemplo: Ayer un perro negro corrió rápidamente de esa casa a la calle, me pasó, y saludó a mi hermano y a cada niño.

Expresión del género gramatical: dos clases de sustantivos

Hay dos categorías gramaticales de sustantivos en español: los sustantivos masculinos y los femeninos.

Cuando un sustantivo representa un ser humano u otra entidad con un sexo biológico, normalmente el género (clase gramatical) de la palabra corresponde con el sexo de la entidad.